| 简介 |
Disclosed is an optical waveguide having an optical confinement layer. "Optical confinement layer" means a layer in an optical waveguide device, distinct from the core layer and the cladding layer, having a refractive index lower than that of the caldding layer, and patterned so as to laterally guide light in the waveguide; and "lateral" directions refer to, directions in the plane of the optical confinement layer. The waveguide has a lower cladding layer, a core layer, a patterned optical confinement layer proximate to the core layer, an optional upper cladding layer, and an optional substrate. The optical confinement layer may comprise, e.g., MgF2, LiF, or any other low index material. The core layer may comprise a high index silica doped with, e.g., aluminum, titanium, tantalum, zirconium, germanium, hafnium, or phosphorus. Alternatively, the core layer may comprise silicon oxynitride (SiON) or silicon nitride (Si3N 4). The cladding layers may comprise silica. For example, the lower cladding layer may comprise a low index silica that may be doped with boron or fluorine. The substrate may comprise silicon or silica. Alternatively, the cladding layers and core layer may each comprise a polymer. In some embodiments, the waveguide may include layers doped with rare earth elements, such as erbium. The location of the optical confinement layer may vary as long as it is proximate to the core layer. For example, the optical confinement layer can be between the lower cladding layer and core layer, between the upper cladding layer and core layer, embedded in the core layer, embedded in the upper cladding layer, or embedded in the lower cladding layer.
© KIPO & WIPO 2007 |
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